Record Information
Version2.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2021-05-15 10:18:52 UTC
Update Date2025-10-07 16:07:04 UTC
Metabolite IDMMDBc0020325
Metabolite Identification
Common NameTilivalline
DescriptionTilivalline is a secondary metabolite classified within the chemical class of enterotoxins. It is produced by the bacterium Klebsiella oxytoca, where it plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of virulence factors alongside tilimycin. The chemical structure of tilivalline is linked to its function as a cytotoxin, with gene clusters involved in its production being present in nearly all strains of K. oxytoca, although some clade 3 isolates exhibit incomplete clusters (PMID:40165792 ). The transcriptional regulator Lrp activates the genes responsible for tilivalline biosynthesis, while the response regulator OmpR negatively controls these genes, illustrating a complex regulatory network (PMID:39858926 , PMID:39688404 ). The presence of tilivalline is associated with severe conditions such as antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis, highlighting its pathogenic potential (PMID:39858926 ). Additionally, tilivalline has been shown to disrupt microbiota-activated STAT1 signaling in intestinal epithelial cells through a PPAR-γ-mediated mechanism, indicating its involvement in host-pathogen interactions (PMID:39293437 ). Overall, tilivalline's biosynthetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms underscore its significance in the pathogenicity of K. oxytoca.
Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
(7S,8S)-11-Hydroxy-8-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0(3,7)]tetradeca-1(10),11,13-trien-2-oneChEBI
EpitilivallineChEBI
Molecular FormulaC20H19N3O2
Average Mass333.391
Monoisotopic Mass333.147726864
IUPAC Name(7S,8S)-11-hydroxy-8-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0^{3,7}]tetradeca-1(10),11,13-trien-2-one
Traditional Name(7S,8S)-11-hydroxy-8-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3,9-diazatricyclo[8.4.0.0^{3,7}]tetradeca-1(10),11,13-trien-2-one
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CCCN1C(=O)C1=C(N[C@@]2([H])C2=CNC3=CC=CC=C23)C(O)=CC=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C20H19N3O2/c24-17-9-3-6-13-19(17)22-18(16-8-4-10-23(16)20(13)25)14-11-21-15-7-2-1-5-12(14)15/h1-3,5-7,9,11,16,18,21-22,24H,4,8,10H2/t16-,18-/m0/s1
InChI KeyAJZNARCWDDMOPL-WMZOPIPTSA-N