Record Information
Version2.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2021-05-15 18:30:13 UTC
Update Date2025-10-07 16:07:51 UTC
Metabolite IDMMDBc0028734
Metabolite Identification
Common NameStemphyloxin I
DescriptionStemphyloxin I is a polyketide metabolite produced by the plant-pathogenic fungus Stemphylium botryosum. Its chemical formula is C(21)H(32)O(5), and it exhibits phytotoxic properties, contributing to the pathogenicity of the fungus. The biosynthesis of stemphyloxin I is linked to a cryptic polyketide gene cluster that is activated during plant infection, as evidenced by its upregulation in the wheat pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum (PMID:31553484 ). Structural studies, including crystallization and X-ray analysis, have characterized its chemical structure, highlighting its role as a phytotoxin (PMID:17754554 ). Experimental studies demonstrate that injection of stemphyloxin I into tomato leaves induces necrotic lesions and loss of turgor, leading to wilting at higher concentrations (PMID:16662165 ). The compound is classified as a nonspecific toxin, and modifications to its structure, such as the methoxy derivative, significantly reduce its inhibitory activity (PMID:16662165 ). Additionally, the diacetate derivative maintains the same level of activity as the parent compound (PMID:16662165 ). Overall, stemphyloxin I plays a crucial role in the interaction between the fungus and its plant hosts, influencing disease development.
Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
Deacyl-FR 225654ChEBI
Molecular FormulaC21H34O6
Average Mass382.497
Monoisotopic Mass382.235538815
IUPAC Name(2S,3R,4R,4aS,5R,7R,8aS)-2,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-4-[(2Z)-3-hydroxyprop-2-enoyl]-2,4,5,7-tetramethyl-decahydronaphthalen-1-one
Traditional Name(2S,3R,4R,4aS,5R,7R,8aS)-2,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-4-[(2Z)-3-hydroxyprop-2-enoyl]-2,4,5,7-tetramethyl-hexahydronaphthalen-1-one
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
[H]\C(O)=C(/[H])C(=O)[C@@]1(C)[C@@]([H])([C@@]([H])(CC)CO)[C@](C)(O)C(=O)[C@@]2([H])C[C@](C)(O)C[C@@]([H])(C)[C@]12[H]
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C21H34O6/c1-6-13(11-23)17-20(4,15(24)7-8-22)16-12(2)9-19(3,26)10-14(16)18(25)21(17,5)27/h7-8,12-14,16-17,22-23,26-27H,6,9-11H2,1-5H3/b8-7-/t12-,13+,14+,16+,17-,19-,20-,21+/m1/s1
InChI KeyYRECHDUAXCBBOZ-HOCCXODSSA-N