MiMeDB: Showing metabocard for (S)-acetoin (MMDBc0054108)

Record Information

Version

2.0

Status

Detected and Quantified

Creation Date

2022-06-05 22:53:12 UTC

Update Date

2025-10-07 16:08:22 UTC

Metabolite ID

MMDBc0054108

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

(S)-acetoin

Description

(S)-acetoin is a chiral α-hydroxyketone and belongs to the class of metabolites known as 2,3-butanediols. It has a four-carbon backbone and features a chiral center, existing as two stereoisomers: (R)- and (S)-acetoin, both of which have potential pharmaceutical applications (PMID:40473137 ). The biosynthesis of (S)-acetoin can be achieved through engineered pathways in microorganisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which can directly convert glucose into (S)-acetoin with high enantiomeric purity, circumventing the challenges posed by non-enzymatic decarboxylation of intermediates (PMID:40473137 ). This engineered pathway involves the disruption of pyruvate decarboxylase activity and the modification of α-acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis to favor (S)-acetoin production (PMID:40473137 ). Furthermore, (S)-acetoin is involved in various metabolic pathways, including competition with (R)-acetoin production mediated by enzymes such as Ora1 and AlsD (PMID:33845171 ). Its significance extends to the synthesis of optically active drugs, enhancing targeting properties while minimizing side effects (PMID:31648637 ). Overall, (S)-acetoin represents a valuable compound in both metabolic engineering and pharmaceutical development.

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
(S)-2-Acetoin	ChEBI

Molecular Formula

C₄H₈O₂

Average Mass

88.1051

Monoisotopic Mass

88.0524295

IUPAC Name

(3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-one

Traditional Name

R,3-hydroxybutan-2-one

CAS Registry Number

Not Available

SMILES

C[C@H](O)C(C)=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-3(5)4(2)6/h3,5H,1-2H3/t3-/m0/s1

InChI Key

ROWKJAVDOGWPAT-VKHMYHEASA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyloins. These are organic compounds containing an alpha hydroxy ketone. Acyloins are formally derived from reductive coupling of carboxylic acyl groups.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbonyl compounds

Direct Parent

Acyloins

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Acyloin
Alpha-hydroxy ketone
Secondary alcohol
Ketone
Organic oxide
Hydrocarbon derivative
Alcohol
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

acetoin (CHEBI:15687 )

Functional Ontology

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Expected Solid

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	473 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-0.66	ALOGPS
logP	-0.14	ChemAxon
logS	0.73	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	13.72	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3.4	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	1	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	37.3 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	22.39 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	9.06 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-15ed087808debd745ef9	2017-08-28	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-000i-9000000000-ebb7996f3f82cc069f12	2017-07-25	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-0079-9000000000-4043204b04ec3b5823ff	2017-07-25	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0uk9-9000000000-1e66901c3375433b1693	2017-07-25	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-9d60c7f29d91e72ce0bc	2017-07-26	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-35eb749498333af99296	2017-07-26	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-00xr-9000000000-ce5e7eaa33d4f9d4fa86	2017-07-26	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H₂O, predicted)		2022-08-21	View Spectrum

Chromatographic Retention Times and Retention Indices

Retention Times

Chromatography Type	Technique	Column	Deposition Date	Retention Time (s)
Liquid Chromatography	HILIC	Waters Acquity UPLC-BEH Amide column (eluted)	2025-10-24	290.6
Liquid Chromatography	HILIC	Accucore 150 Amide HILIC (eluted)	2025-10-24	86.4
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Hypersil Gold 1.9 µm C18 (void)	2025-10-24	290.0
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 3.5 um) (eluted)	2025-10-24	366.2
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	XBridge C18 3.5u 2.1x50 mm (eluted)	2025-10-24	313.7
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Ascentis Express C18 (void)	2025-10-24	374.6
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 (void)	2025-10-24	1200.5
Liquid Chromatography	HILIC	Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC (void)	2025-10-24	118.2
Liquid Chromatography	HILIC	Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC (eluted)	2025-10-24	658.2
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 (eluted)	2025-10-24	311.3
Liquid Chromatography	HILIC	Merck SeQuant ZIC-HILIC (eluted)	2025-10-24	307.3
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 C18 (void)	2025-10-24	240.0
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (eluted)	2025-10-24	100.7
Liquid Chromatography	HILIC	Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column (eluted)	2025-10-24	127.7
Liquid Chromatography	HILIC	Merck SeQuant ZIC-pHILIC column (eluted)	2025-10-24	488.4
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (void)	2025-10-24	62.9
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (void)	2025-10-24	280.8
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Kinetex Core-Shell C18 2.6 um, 3.0 x 100 mm, Phenomenex (eluted)	2025-10-24	922.4
Liquid Chromatography	Reversed-phase	Waters Atlantis T3 (2.1 x 150 mm, 5 um) (eluted)	2025-10-24	698.5

Retention Indices

Chromatography Type	Peak Label	SMILES	Stationary Phase	Deposition Date	Retention Index
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_1	CC(=O)[C@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C	standard non polar	2025-10-24	1894.99
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_2	CC(O)=C(C)O[Si](C)(C)C	standard non polar	2025-10-24	2008.03
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_3	C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H](C)O	standard non polar	2025-10-24	2133.09
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_4	CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=C(C)O[Si](C)(C)C	standard non polar	2025-10-24	1899.44
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_5	C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C	standard non polar	2025-10-24	1920.67
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_1	CC(=O)[C@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C	standard polar	2025-10-24	2091.66
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_2	CC(O)=C(C)O[Si](C)(C)C	standard polar	2025-10-24	2181.54
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_3	C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H](C)O	standard polar	2025-10-24	1959.42
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_4	CC(O[Si](C)(C)C)=C(C)O[Si](C)(C)C	standard polar	2025-10-24	1823.42
Gas Chromatography	(S)-acetoin_TMS_5	C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H](C)O[Si](C)(C)C	standard polar	2025-10-24	1892.08

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Not Available

Biospecimen Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Associated OMIM IDs

114500 (Colorectal cancer)
610247 (Eosinophilic esophagitis)

Human Proteins and Enzymes

Protein ID	Protein Name	Protein Type	Uniprot ID	Species

Human Pathways

Pathways

Name	SMPDB/PathBank

Microbial Pathways

Pathways

Not Available

Metabolic Reactions

Reactions

This table shows at most 20 reactions. For the full list of associated reactions:

See All Associated Reactions

Reaction ID	Precursor	Product	Enzyme	Reaction Type	Data Source	Reference

Health Effects and Bioactivity

Health Outcome/Bioactivity	Metabolite Response/Effect	Evidence Type	Host and Biospecimen	Data Source	Reference

Microbial Sources

Superkingdom/Kingdom	Phylum	Total species	Hosts and Body Sites
Bacteria/Eubacteria	Actinobacteria	1
Bacteria/Eubacteria	Proteobacteria	1	Human ; Human sputum; Human subgingival plaque; Human feces
Bacteria	Proteobacteria	1	Human ; Human sputum; Human subgingival plaque; Human feces
Bacteria/Eubacteria	Firmicutes	8	Human ; Human feces

Exposure Sources

Other Exposures

Source Type	Data Source	Reference

Host Biospecimen and Location

Host and Biospecimen	Status	Mean	Std	Min	Max	Units	Age	Sex	Health Condition	Data Source	Reference

External Links

HMDB ID

Not Available

DrugBank ID

DB02788

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FooDB ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

Chemspider ID

Not Available

KEGG Compound ID

C01769

BioCyc ID

Not Available

BiGG ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Not Available

METLIN ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound

447765

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

15687

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

CMMC Knowledgebase

Not Available

General References

Bansal P, Morgat A, Axelsen KB, Muthukrishnan V, Coudert E, Aimo L, Hyka-Nouspikel N, Gasteiger E, Kerhornou A, Neto TB, Pozzato M, Blatter MC, Ignatchenko A, Redaschi N, Bridge A: Rhea, the reaction knowledgebase in 2022. Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Jan 7;50(D1):D693-D700. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab1016. [PubMed:34755880 ]

Showing metabocard for (S)-acetoin (MMDBc0054108)

MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

3D MOL for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

3D SDF for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

3D-SDF for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

3D PDB for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

SMILES for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

INCHI for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>

3D Structure for #<Metabolite:0x00007f9abef0b670>