Xenobiotic
Record Information
Version2.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2022-06-05 23:08:26 UTC
Update Date2025-10-07 16:08:28 UTC
Metabolite IDMMDBc0054354
Metabolite Identification
Common Namebarbiturate
DescriptionBarbiturate is a class of organic compounds known for their sedative and anticonvulsant properties, belonging to the chemical class of barbiturates. These compounds typically feature a barbituric acid core structure, characterized by a pyrimidine ring with various substituents that influence their pharmacological effects. The chemistry of barbiturates involves their metabolism primarily through hepatic pathways, where they interact with enzymes such as cytochrome P450, leading to their biotransformation and elimination. Biologically, barbiturates can modulate neurotransmitter systems, particularly enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which plays a crucial role in inhibitory signaling in the central nervous system. For instance, Primidone, a barbiturate anticonvulsant, is initiated for therapeutic purposes in managing seizures (PMID:41019829 ). Additionally, certain barbiturate derivatives have shown potent effects on glioblastoma cell viability, indicating their potential in cancer research (PMID:40994189 ). The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) has been identified as a nuclear receptor for various xenobiotics, including barbiturates, highlighting their interaction with biological pathways (PMID:40947077 ). Furthermore, barbiturates have been associated with increased opioid use in migraine management (PMID:40971111 ).
Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-PyrimidinetrioneChEBI
BarbitursaeureChEBI
MalonylharnstoffChEBI
MalonylureaChEBI
BarbitateGenerator
Barbitic acidGenerator
2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-Pyrimidinetrione (acd/name 4.0)HMDB
2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-PyrimidinetrioneHMDB
2,4,6-PyrimidinetriolHMDB
2,4,6-Pyrimidinetrione(1H,3H,5H)HMDB
2,4,6-TrihydroxypyrimidineHMDB
2,4,6-TrioxohexahydropyrimidineHMDB
6-HydroxyuracilHMDB
BarbiturateHMDB
BarbitursaureHMDB
N,N'-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-propanediyl)-ureaHMDB
NN'-(1,3-Dioxo-1,3-propanediyl)-ureaHMDB
Pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trioneHMDB
PyrimidinetrioneHMDB
Barbituric acid, monosodium saltHMDB
Sodium barbiturateHMDB
Molecular FormulaC4H4N2O3
Average Mass128.0862
Monoisotopic Mass128.022192004
IUPAC Name4,6-dihydroxy-2,5-dihydropyrimidin-2-one
Traditional Namebarbituric acid
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
OC1=NC(=O)N=C(O)C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C4H4N2O3/c7-2-1-3(8)6-4(9)5-2/h1H2,(H2,5,6,7,8,9)
InChI KeyHNYOPLTXPVRDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N