Microbial
Human
Co-metabolite
Record Information
Version2.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2022-06-17 20:03:30 UTC
Update Date2025-10-07 16:09:19 UTC
Metabolite IDMMDBc0055724
Metabolite Identification
Common Nameanaerobilin
DescriptionAnaerobilin is a linear tetrapyrrole metabolite classified within the chemical class of porphyrin derivatives. Its synthesis involves the decyclization of the heme protoporphyrin ring, a reaction catalyzed by anaerobilin synthase, which operates independently of oxygen (PMID:39642050 ). The process begins with heme being trafficked to anaerobilin synthase by HmuF, a member of the flavodoxin superfamily, which facilitates the reduction of the linearized tetrapyrrole (PMID:40581040 ). This pathway is significant in various bacteria, including Escherichia coli and some Gram-negative species, where anaerobilin synthase has been identified (PMID:40214231 ). In contrast, certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Enterococcus faecalis, have shown potential orthologs of this enzyme, indicating a broader evolutionary context for anaerobilin synthesis (PMID:39896487 ). Additionally, the regulation of anaerobilin formation can be influenced by proteins such as HutZ from Aliivibrio fischeri, which inhibits the process by sequestering heme (PMID:39642050 ). Overall, anaerobilin plays a crucial role in the anaerobic degradation of heme, contributing to metabolic pathways in various microbial species.
Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
AnaerobilinChEBI
Molecular FormulaC35H38N4O4
Average Mass578.713
Monoisotopic Mass578.28930572
IUPAC Name3-[(2Z)-5-{[(2Z,5Z)-3-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-[(2,4-diethenyl-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-yl)methylidene]-4-methyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-ylidene]methyl}-2-[(4-ethenyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylidene]-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-4-yl]propanoic acid
Traditional Name3-[(5Z)-2-{[(2Z,5Z)-3-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-[(3,5-diethenyl-4-methyl-5H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylidene]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-ylidene]methyl}-5-[(4-ethenyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylidene]-4-methylpyrrol-3-yl]propanoic acid
CAS Registry NumberNot Available
SMILES
[H]\C(=C1\N\C(=C(\[H])C2=N\C(=C(\[H])C3=C(C)C(C=C)=CN3)\C(C)=C2CCC(O)=O)C(CCC(O)=O)=C1C)C1=NC(C=C)C(C)=C1C=C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C35H38N4O4/c1-8-23-18-36-28(19(23)4)15-29-21(6)25(11-13-34(40)41)32(38-29)17-33-26(12-14-35(42)43)22(7)30(39-33)16-31-24(9-2)20(5)27(10-3)37-31/h8-10,15-18,27,36,39H,1-3,11-14H2,4-7H3,(H,40,41)(H,42,43)/b29-15-,30-16-,33-17-
InChI KeyXCXDCXFCDADSKR-VTRMHZAASA-N